Novel coronaviruses na cikin nau'in β.COVID-19 cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da numfashi.SARS-CoV-2 yana da sunadaran tsari da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da karu (S), ambulaf (E), membrane (M) da nucleocapsid (N).Sunadaran karu (S) ya ƙunshi yanki mai ɗaure mai karɓa (RBD), wanda ke da alhakin gane mai karɓar farfajiyar tantanin halitta, angiotensin yana canza enzyme-2 (ACE2).An gano cewa RBD na furotin mai karu na SARS-CoV-2 yana yin hulɗa da ƙarfi tare da mai karɓar ACE2 na ɗan adam wanda ke haifar da endocytosis cikin ƙwayoyin runduna na huhu mai zurfi da kwafi.Kamuwa da cuta tare da SARS-CoV-2 ko allurar rigakafi yana fara amsawar rigakafi, wanda ya haɗa da samar da rigakafin RBD IgG a cikin jini.Antibody din da aka boye yana ba da kariya daga kamuwa da cututtukan nan gaba daga ƙwayoyin cuta, saboda yana kasancewa a cikin tsarin jini na watanni zuwa shekaru bayan kamuwa da cuta ko rigakafin kuma zai ɗaure cikin sauri da ƙarfi ga ƙwayoyin cuta don toshe kutsewar salula da kwafi.Ana iya samun tasirin rigakafin kashi 80% akan alamun farko na COVID-19 tare da matakin antibody na 506 BAU/mL don anti-RBD IgG.